Horta Da Mitra Market
雀仔園街市
Copyright © Cultural Mapping 2020
Located between Rua de Henrique de Macedo, Largo do Mercado Municipal and Rua de Horta e Costa. The western-style single-story square building covers an area of about 615 square meters. There are entrances in the four corners, with fixed stalls inside, The market is distributed in the shape of Chinese characters "回". The market stalls mainly sell fish, meat and melons and vegetables. The main entrance of the market is embedded with the words "Mercado Municipal 1939". 1939 is the year this market was rebuilt. The current Mercado Municipal Horta da Mitra was rebuilt in 1939 and opened in 1940.
Horta Da Mitra Market is a building of the same era as the Red Market (It was included in the list of Immovable properties of Macao). French cultural heritage architect Lui Chak Keong once pointed out, Horta Da Mitra Market was designed according to the Bauhaus functionalism of the time. On the other hand, it is documented that this was designed by José Chan, a famous Chinese architect in Macau. Horta Da Mitra Market may be the only existing modern architecture by José Chan in Macau.
It is said that the early COLÓNIA PORTUGUESA DE MACAU was developing the Bairro Horta da Mitra, and at the same time it has already established an outdoor market. That outdoor market structure was simple and was divided into two parts. It is made of a wooden structure, the top layer is red tile roof, supported by several large columns, and the ground is covered with long stone slabs. The market is a bazaar during the day. When it gets dark, the market closes and some street performers would come to perform, creating a lively atmosphere.
Later, due to the increasing number of residents in Bairro Horta da Mitra, the old-fashioned market has declined and failed to meet the needs of the community, Macau government decided to rebuild it into a new-style street market. In 1939, the original building was demolished and converted into what it is today. There are meat stalls, fish stalls, vegetable stalls, and cooked food stalls in the market. It now provides conveniences for the local residents with a hawker area around.
雀仔園街市位於馬大臣街 (Rua de Henrique de Macedo), 公局市前地 (Largo do Mercado Municipal) 和柯高街 (Rua de Horta e Costa) 之間。街市內是西式單層方形建築，占地面積有615平方米左右。四角有入口，內設固定攤檔，呈中文字"回字"形狀分佈。市場內主要有分別出售魚類、肉類及瓜菜類的攤檔。街市正門嵌有“Mercado Municipal 1939”字樣。1939，是此街市重建的年份。
目前的雀仔園街市建於1939年，於1940年開幕啟用。雀仔園街市與被列入文物保護清單的紅街市是同一時代的建築。法國文化遺產建築師呂澤強曾指出，雀仔園街市是按照當時的包豪斯功能主義的設計，有文獻記載這是澳門著名華人建築師陳焜培所設計, 雀仔園街市可能是陳焜培唯一在澳門留傳下來的現代建築設計。據說澳葡政府 (COLÓNIA PORTUGUESA DE MACAU)在開發雀仔園坊 (Bairro Horta da Mitra) 的同時，這裡已開設露天墟市，結構簡陋並分為兩座，由木質結構搭建而成, 頂層均為紅色瓦頂，以數條大圓柱作支撐，地面鋪長形石板。該街市日間為集市，入夜後，街市休息，江湖賣藝人就來此開檔，場面熱鬧。
後來，因為雀仔園坊居民日漸增加，舊式街市頹廢，未能滿足市民生活的要求，澳門政府斥資改建為新式街市，於1939年拆除原來建築，改建為今日面貌。街市內設立肉檔、魚檔、菜檔、熟食檔，方便市民生活，周邊亦設有小販區。
“Butterfly Method” Analysis：
In the past of Horta Da Mitra Market, the memories of the neighborhood in the market became the focus, and the building has nearly 80 years of history and Bauhaus functions. Currently, Horta Da Mitra Market is almost surrounded by restaurants, it has formed a popular area of food culture, Moreover, the functions and conditions of the market are quite good, which satisfies the daily needs of the neighborhood. In the future, Horta da Mitra Market should continue to be a landmark of that area, but it may inevitably be influenced by the development of other markets.
在昔日的雀仔園街市，街坊們在街市的回憶成了重點，而其建築近有80年曆史和包豪斯功能。現在的雀仔園街市，它的周邊幾乎都是食肆，形成了受歡迎的美食文化區，而且街市的功用和條件良好，解決了街坊的日常所需。未來雀仔園街市應繼續為雀仔園區的地標，但難免會被其他街市的發展所影響。
References:
Old City．Memories. (2016). Modern Lines: Modern Architecture under the Small Town of Macau (2)-New Market in the New City. Retrieved from http://memorymacau.blogspot.com/2015/01/blog-post_52.html.
TDM-Teledifusão de Macau, S.A. (2015). Macau Architecture Today-Horta Da Mitra Market (1). Retrieved from http://www.tdm.com.mo/c_video/play_video.php?id=23158.
TDM-Teledifusão de Macau, S.A. (2015). Macau Architecture Today-Horta Da Mitra Market (2). Retrieved from https://www.tdm.com.mo/c_video/play_video.php?id=23243.
AFMACAU. (2019). [Urban Zhikubao] Why is there no "bird" in bird Garden? Retrieved from http://afmacau.com/2019/07/09/%E3%80%90%E5%9F%8E%E5%B8%82%E7%9F%A5%E5%BA%AB%E5%AF%B6%E3%80%91%E9%9B%80%E4%BB%94%E5%9C%92%E7%82%BA%E4%BD%95%E5%86%87%E3%80%8C%E9%9B%80%E4%BB%94%E3%80%8D%EF%BC%9F/
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